Wednesday, November 16, 2016

Apple and Pear Crumble


Too many apples, too many pears. Not much time to make a much more elaborate dessert, so it was time to whip up some crumble. Instead of making a large dish this time, however, I made 3 large individual serves.


First, I diced apples (yellow) and pears (green) separately, mixed with some lime juice and zest, and a small amount of sugar. Then I filled each dish halfway with apples, and filled the remaining half with pear. This made for a very nice difference in color before adding the crumble mix.


Then I covered the whole dish with a crumble mix (flour, brown sugar, butter) in which I had mixed some oats for extra fiber and fun. I then decided to make a difference between the apple and pear side, so more oats were sprinkled over the pear half, and chia seeds over the apple half.

Each dish was then baked for about 20 to 30 mins at 130˚C to crisp the topping, and make the fruits tender. These dishes were quite large for individual serves.

Apple crumble recipe over here~

Sunday, October 16, 2016

Fresh ginger cake


I don't know how well known it is, but Chinese or Asian people like to make a lot of ginger water (grated ginger simmered in water to release the juice and spiciness) and drink it for health reasons. As I was feeling unwell, I decided to make a small pot of it with our remaining ginger. The ginger was so spicy, I felt like I was drinking fire!

The side effect of making this ginger water is the ginger pulp that remains. I could have made another batch or two of the water to drink, but wasn't too keen on drinking it after the first batch. So I settled to make a cake with the pulp.


I found a recipe on Epicurious that I felt was adequate. I did make some changes to the recipe to fit the ingredienst I had on hands. A quick breakdown: reduced sugar, reduced oil, put more ginger, omitted cloves and pepper, and used Greek yogurt to replace one egg, and a chia seed and water mix to replace the other one. I also didn't have molasses, so I replaced it with dark brown sugar.



RECIPE
  Ingredients
  • 3/4 cup (150 g) grated ginger pulp
  • 3/4 cup (150 g) dark brown sugar
  • 3/4 cup (130 g) cane sugar
  • 3/4 cup (165 g) oil
  • 2 1/2 cups (300 g) flour
  • 1 tsp cinnamon
  • 1 cup hot water
  • 2 tsp baking soda
  • 1/4 cup (71 g) Greek yogurt
  • 1 chia egg
    • 1 tbs ground chia seeds
    • 3 tbs water
  Procedure
  1. Preheat oven 180˚C.
  2. To make the chia egg, mix the ground chia seeds and 3 tbs water in a small bowl. Let sit for 5 mins until gelified.
  3. In a mixing bowl, mix dark brown sugar, sugar, and oil.
  4. Dissolve baking soda in hot water, and add into the sugar mix.
  5. Stir in the grated ginger.
  6. Fold in the flour and cinnamon.
  7. Mix in the Greek yogurt and chia egg.
  8. Pour into a prepared pan (I baked it in a 9 in. springform pan lined with baking paper).
  9. Bake for 45-60 mins, or until a toothpick comes out clean.
  10. Cool for 30 mins before unmolding.

Saturday, October 15, 2016

Banana Bread Muffins [Gluten-Free]


For last week's hallway dinner, we had a theme of American food. I had originally planned to try making a sweet potato pie, but as my cousin L had opted for sweet potato fries, I left the few sweet potatoes we had for her to use.

I was a tad short on time, so I fell back onto a much-baked classic: banana bread. I found to my happiness that it fit the theme perfectly. So I made one of my usual loaves of banana-topped banana breads (baked many times before). Then I settled down to make a few samples of a gluten-free version for a neighbor that can't have gluten.

Since it was only for one person, I made 1/4 of the recipe, which yielded 4 muffins. I used a precision scale (that goes to 0.01 g) to make the measurements.

RECIPE (yields 16 cupcakes)
  Ingredients
  • 3-4 ripe bananas
  • 158.96 g gluten-free flour of choice (I used buckwheat flour)
  • 28.4 g glutinous/sticky rice flour
  • 1/2 tsp baking soda
  • 1 tsp baking powder
  • 1/2 cup (100 g) sugar
  • pinch of salt
  • 2/3 cup (146 g) oil
  • 1 tsp vanilla extract
  • cinnamon, to taste
  • nuts or dried fruits (optional)
    • I typically use walnuts and dried figs. In this case only dried figs as I ran out of nuts.
  Procedure
  1. In a mixing bowl, mash the bananas.
  2. Add sugar, oil, and vanilla. Mix well
  3. Fold in the dry ingredients, sifted.
  4. Fold in dried fruits and nuts if using.
  5. Bake at 180˚C for 20-25 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean.
  6. Cool and enjoy~

Sunday, September 25, 2016

Potato Cake


Friend over for dinner. I wasn't too sure what to make, and I had just happened to see this recipe on Tastemade France. Therefore, I set about to make it.

Simply speaking, it is a cake made with mashed potato, flour, baking powder, and (soy)milk. I folded in dried tomatoes, olives, and mozzarella, and baked the whole thing until cooked through. The result was very filling, spongy, and savory.

Mini Strawberry Crostata (Gluten-Free)


New semester, new batches of hallway dinners! This year, the whole end of the hallway changed, as the seniors graduated and new freshmen come in. The new hallway as a whole became a bit more complicated in terms of food. In all, we have vegetarians, lactose intolerants, gluten, soy, and nuts allergies...

This made baking for an Italian-themed dinner more difficult. I therefore opted for the simplest thing I could think of, which was crostata. Crostata are jam tarts, usually covered in a lattice of some kind. The challenge, this time, was working with gluten-free flour (buckwheat flour in this case).


I came across a recipe for buckwheat flour pastry from pep's Free from Kitchen, which I used with a flax egg. The filling is simply strawberry jam from the supermarket, to which I added lemon juice to cut through the sweetness. I used a pastry cutter to cut the strips of dough to make the lattice on top, which all threatened to break left and right. All in all, it resulted in a pastry that I felt was a bit dry.

Eggless Lemon Bars


A few weeks ago, my cousin L and I had a friend over for dinner. I also had a single overripe banana sitting around waiting to be either used or dumped. Since I am no fan of dumping food, I looked for a way to use it up.

Banana bread requires at least 3 bananas, and so did my banana brownies. I then recalled a recipe I had stumbled upon for an eggless version of lemon bars, from Heart of a Baker. Not that I had ever tasted any classic lemon bars, I opted to give it a try.

First, I lined a small pan with my usual pâte brisée (shortcrust pastry), which I baked for about 10 minutes. Then I filled it with the lemon filling, and baked it some more. The result was a zingy, fresh bar that smelled like banana but tasted 100% lemon.


LEMON BAR RECIPE
  Ingredients
  Procedure
  1. Prepare the crust in an 8 in. x 8 in. pan as per the shortcrust pastry recipe. Precook 10 mins.
  2. In a bowl, mash the banana.
  3. Add in the rest of the ingredients.
  4. Pour into the crust.
  5. Bake for 30 mins at 180˚C or until set.
  6. Cool then refrigerate min. 1 hour.
  7. Cut into squares or bars.
  8. Dust with icing sugar before serving.

Chocolate-Encased Mint Truffles


I made a batch of mint truffles at home to give to some family friends, and also to share with my family. My 5-year-old niece got involved, helping me break apart chocolate, and mixing in the cream.

For the family friends, I did not have time to coat them. In fact, I only barely managed to roll them in cocoa powder, they were so soft. My niece didn't like them coated, as the cocoa powder is pretty bitter, so she just ate the filling.

With the 2nd half of the batch, I tried to make them last a little longer, so I tried to temper chocolate for the first time. By the time my chocolate was tempered, the filling was no longer holding shape. By then, I was too tired to start over, so I just scooped portions of filling and dropped it into the chocolate. The whole thing was then laid on a sheet of baking paper. When all the filling was covered, I rolled them in cocoa powder.

Caramelized Apple Bread Pudding


I went home after my trip to the US, and my mom told me to do something with a bag of sliced bread that was sitting around. She feared that it would start molding in the near future. My dad then chipped in, saying a bunch of apples were sitting around. When there is dried bread or a lot of bread to use up, my only thought is something along the lines of a bread pudding.


Therefore, I made a thin custard with soy milk, sugar, some vanilla, and corn starch. Since the bread wasn't dried, I cut it up and dried it in a toaster oven. After that, I poured the custard on top of the bread and let it sit. In the meantime, I started working on a basic caramel.

From past experiments with caramel, I feared it would not turn out so well. I generally have a hard time with caramel. Yet for once, this one turned out beautifully. I did burn my finger when I accidentally touched it while it was in the pan (be careful, caramel is extremely hot!) After taking care of my burn, I poured it all into the bottom of a greased loaf pan. Then I cut some thin apple wedges and laid them on top of the hardened caramel.

I then poured about 1/3 of the bread mix, sprinkled some diced apples, and repeated until I reached the top. There was a bit of custard liquid and a end slice of bread left, so I layered that on the very top. The whole thing was baked until browned.


My parents didn't get home until late, so I left the whole bread pudding in the fridge overnight. The next morning, I plated it onto the biggest, long plate I could find, and still it could barely fit! I think overall it was a bit soft. Next time, I probably would add less custard to the bread. It most probably also would benefit from even more apples throughout the middle.


Tuesday, August 2, 2016

Mint Chocolate Truffles


I like watching cooking videos on Youtube, and I once went on a Gordon Ramsay spree. In a two-part video, he made mint chocolate truffles with his children. Those are what I tried to make for my friends and to give to the staff of a tea house where my friend works.

The video doesn't give the proportions of ingredients, so I got them off Good to Know. I did change a few proportions myself, but more on that in the recipe below. For a few ingredients (butter, sweeteners), I simply eyeballed the amount. I also used as much chocolate as I had, and scaled down the rest of the ingredients based on that.




RECIPE
  Ingredients
  • 500 g dark chocolate, chopped
  • 500 mL heavy cream
  • 1 small bunch fresh mint
  • 100 g butter, softened
  • honey/brown sugar, to taste
  • unsweetened cocoa powder
  Procedure
  1. Lightly bruise the bunch of mint to release its fragrance. Put it in a pot with the cream.
  2. Heat over medium-low heat until bubbling.
  3. In a heat-proof bowl, put chocolate and butter.
  4. When the cream bubbles, mix in sweetener.
  5. Strain hot cream into the chocolate. Mix until chocolate is melted and smooth.
  6. Pour in a wide, dish. Let cool to room temperature, then refrigerate at least 1 hour.
  7. When cold, take teaspoonfuls out, roll into balls, and drop in a plate of cocoa powder. Roll around to coat.
  8. Eat within 3-4 days.

Banana Bread Muffins


More baking for friends! Decided to turn my usual banana bread into muffins this time! I poured each muffin tin about 3/4 full, then pushed a slice of banana on top, and sprinkled some brown sugar on top to caramelize. After baking them, I let them cool before they got eaten up.


Chocolate Chip Oatmeal Cookies


I wanted to bake cookies for my friends. I found a load of oatmeal so I went for chocolate-chip oatmeal cookies (because I didn't have any cranberries on hand).

Recipe yonder this way~ Just sub chocolate chips instead of cranberries.

Chocolate Mudcake


My friend's birthday was last month, so when I moved in temporarily into the apartment she shares with a couple other friends, I brought a chocolate cake with me. I didn't have any cocoa powder on me, however, so I used a white chocolate mudcake recipe and subbed dark chocolate for the white chocolate.


Without my usual tools, I had to eyeball the cutting of the cake in half to put whipped cream between both halves.


Random decoration with chocolate chips and shaved choc chips.


Recipe similar to the white chocolate mudcake in this cake~

Sunday, June 19, 2016

Brownie


For lunch with friends, I got a request for brownie. I made a huge pan, and topped it with a quick ganache of microwaved chocolate and cream. I originally wanted to pipe designs on the top of it with the ganache, but got lazy and ended up just wiping it back and forth as it poured out of the spoon.



Spinach Artichoke Dip


A meal between friends with a lot of different appetizers. I made this small dish of spinach artichoke dip to eat with chips or crackers.



I kind of eyeballed the quantities. Basically, it's just a package of cream cheese, strained pack of thawed frozen spinach, chopped up jar of artichoke hearts, some extra cream, and seasoning. Then I topped it with cheese and broiled it just to melt the cheese.


Vegan Strawberry and Chocolate Cake


For yet another hallway dinner, I opted to go through a really quick cake recipe. One of my hallway mates had recently decided to try veganism, so I went for this basic cake recipe I've been using. I added in some frozen strawberries I stewed and cooled into the batter,


I actually wanted to top it with a light ganache, but the only chocolate I had on hand contained milk. So I tried making some kind of vegan frosting by mixing random quantities of cocoa powder, icing sugar, and hot water until reaching a frosting consistency.


Unfortunately, I didn't think what would happen to the frosting after it cooled... it became pretty sticky but apparently people still liked it. Also unintended, the chocolate flavor came out so much stronger than the strawberry...


Monday, May 2, 2016

Matcha Tiramisu...


... or as my friend C dubbed it, "Tea"ramisu.

A couple of weeks ago, I picked up a brick of whipping cream that someone was giving away for free in the building (freebies are always nice). Then last week, I picked up a ricotta at the supermarket. I was really in the mood for making tiramisu, except.............. I only have about 5 spéculoos cookies left. That wasn't going to be enough.

While digging through the various drawers in our little student apartment, I found the pack and a half of digestive cookies I had left from last semester. So I opted for matcha-flavored tiramisu!


I followed my normal recipe. While whipping up the whipping cream to soft peaks, I added matcha powder and a bit of icing sugar, taste-testing in the process until I was satisfied with the flavor and color (I had so many matcha bakes that came out not tasting nearly strong enough.....). Then instead of dipping the cookies in coffee/decaf, I brewed some green tea and dunked them in that. then came layering. I originally wanted to make the heart out of green matcha, but due to the cream's pale green color, the matcha wasn't coming out as strongly as I wanted. So chocolate it was.

Tutorial to normal tiramisu yonder this way~

Wednesday, April 27, 2016

Orange Cake


Tomorrow (well today, now since it's past midnight) is King's Day here in the Netherlands. Apparently a tradition that is often linked to the color orange, as many are in this country. I'm not so familiar with the holidays, but since we had hallway dinner today (yesterday), we had a theme of orange food.

The moment I heard that, I thought of the jars of candied tangerine zest that I still had from winter break (same as the ones used here). Then my thoughts drifted to candied orange slices, and orange flavored cake in general. So I stopped by the supermarket after class this morning, grabbed a net of oranges, and restocked on self-rising flour.


I set off first by really cleaning one of the oranges (salt or baking soda is really effective). Then I did my best to cut it into evenly thick slices. As I am so not proficient at that, I cut the whole orange, and selected the five best slices. A simple syrup (1:1 sugar to water ratio) in a pot, and those slices, simmering over medium-low heat started the candying process.

I shaved off the zest from most of the remaining, messed up slices, and chopped those up really small. Then I squeezed the juice into a measuring cup to use in the recipe. I wanted to test pairing it with some black tea flavor, so I stuck an English breakfast teabag into some hot water, and topped my orange juice with that.


The base of this recipe is the same as the matcha mochi cake I made a few weeks ago. I replaced the water with the orange juice/tea mix, didn't put in any matcha, but instead threw in the orange zests and a handful of candied orange peels into the dry ingredients, and followed the rest of the recipe, omitting the vinegar, as I deemed the orange juice sufficient. Due to the juice's acidity, I also increased the amount of sugar.

After cooling, I dusted the top with icing sugar, and decorated with the drained candied orange slices. Unfortunately, the tea taste wasn't strong enough to come through all that orange. I'm happy the cake came out fine as I had a couple of mishaps (accidentally used baking powder instead of baking soda...)



RECIPE
  Ingredients
  • 200 g self-rising flour
  • 120 g sugar
  • 75 g cooking oil
  • 175 g orange juice/tea
  • zest of an orange
  • 1/4 tsp baking soda
  • icing sugar, for decorating
  • candied orange slices, for decorating
  Procedure
  1. Preheat oven 170˚C.
  2. Grease and flour a loaf pan, or line it with baking paper. Alternatively, line a muffin pan with cupcake liners.
  3. In a bowl, mix flour, sugar, baking soda, and orange zests.
  4. In another bowl, mix orange juice/tea, oil, and vinegar.
  5. Add wet ingredients to the dry ingredients. Mix until just combined.
  6. Pour into prepared pan.
  7. Bake for 25-30 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean.
  8. Cool on a grill.
  9. Once completely cool, dust with icing sugar, and lay candied orange peels on top.

Apple Crumble Pie Bar


Three apples, sitting in a basket. Getting all wrinkled, and not so fit for eating raw. What to do when short on time? Well my quickest option was probably an apple crumble. But I wanted something a little more solid, so I opted for a kind of bar-version of this apple crumble.


All I did was make half of the crust/crumble mix recipe. I pressed half of that into a loaf pan, spooned in apple mix, and crumbled the rest of the crumble mix on top. After baking about 20 mins and letting it cool, I had something that was both tasty and easy to cut. I still have leftover apple mix (didn't really measure out the ingredients for that, and ended up with too much compared to the crust mix), so I'll have to think of something to do with that.

Tarte Flambée


One Sunday evening, both L and I were uninspired as to what to have for dinner. We could've stuck a frozen pizza in the oven, but we also had (raw) veggies and others still in the fridge. That's when L remembered a tarte flambée (also known as flammkuchen) that a friend had made and sent us pics of.

We decided to be inspired by that, but with what we had on hand. Instead of the traditional bread dough, I cut a large, rectangular puff pastry in half. Then I scored shallow lines about a centimeter in from the edge to form the crust with a knife, and pricked the inside section with a fork.


Instead of a crème fraiche base, I used Greek yogurt on which I sprinkled salt and pepper. Then I laid on thin slices of butternut squash (to quicken the cooking process, I cut them as thin as possible), and brushed leftover gratin dauphinois sauce mix on top. This sauce is essentially heavy cream, salt, pepper, and nutmeg, to taste. To finish off, I threw on some sliced mushroom.

The whole thing was baked at around 190˚C until the edges were golden, and the squash was cooked.

Sunday, April 10, 2016

Coffee Crumble Cake


This cake should rather be named "Coffee" Cake. The intended coffee flavor came out only as a fragrance, overpowered by the bananas I used. But more on that further down.

I wanted to use up some instant coffee my uncle had left here. At L's suggestion that I bake it into a cake, I started looking at recipes for espresso-flavored cake. That's when I came across this recipe by The Vegan and the Chef that seemed promising. I started measuring out ingredients, already mixing the flax egg and blending oats into flour, etc. When came the time for the wet ingredients, I realized I didn't have applesauce. Oops.


I do have apples. But at the moment, I did not want to deal with cooking them into an applesauce just to make this cake. I vaguely recalled that mashed bananas worked the same way -- albeit with less liquid -- so I too the 2 overripe bananas and got to work, adding in about 1/4 of hot water to mimic the moistness brought by applesauce.

*Update* After letting the cake sit for a night, the coffee flavor really came out above the banana!

Due to a lack of almond flour, I changed it all to oat flour. I was also too lazy to actually measure the butter required for the crumble topping, so I did it by eye. A lack of almonds turned me to the jar of walnuts I have. I additionally opted out on the vanilla and almond extracts. Last change was to use buttermilk, which I had on hand, rather than the almond milk and vinegar mix.


Next time, I'll use applesauce to preserve the coffee flavor of this cake.

RECIPE (adapted from The Vegan and the Chef)
  Ingredients


     Cake batter
     Dry ingredients
  • 1 cup all-purpose flour
  • 1 cup oat flour (~1 cup of dried oats, blended until fine)
  • 1 tbs instant coffee powder
  • 2 1/2 tsp baking powder
  • 1/2 tsp baking soda
  • 1/2 tsp cinnamon
  • 1/2 tsp salt
     Wet ingredients
  • 1 flax egg
    • 1 tbs ground flax seeds
    • 3 tbs warm water
  • 2/3 cup almond/soy milk*
  • 1 tsp vinegar*
  • 1/3 cup strong brewed coffee
  • 1 cup applesauce
  • 1/4 cup brown sugar
  • 1/3 cup unrefined cane sugar
  • 1/2 cup vegetable oil
     * use 2/3 cup of buttermilk instead, if you have that on hand

     Crumble topping

  • 1/2 cup brown sugar
  • 3/4 cup flour
  • 1/2 tsp instant coffee powder
  • 5 tbs butter
  • 1/2 cup nuts, chopped
  Procedure

    Cake batter
  1. In a small bowl, make the flax egg by combining the ground flax seeds and the warm water. Set aside
  2. If using almond/soy milk and vinegar, combine in another bowl and set aside 10 mins.
  3. In a bowl, mix all dry ingredients.
  4. In a mixing bowl, whisk together all remaining wet ingredients.
  5. Add in the flax egg and milk/vinegar mix or buttermilk.
  6. Fold in dry ingredients.
  7. Pour into prepared pan.
     Crumble mix
  1. Mix brown sugar, flour, and instant coffee powder.
  2. Rub in butter to obtain a mix like wet sand.
  3. Mix in chopped nuts.
  4. Spread in even layer on top of cake batter in the tin.
     Baking
  1. Preheat oven 180˚C.
  2. Bake for 1h15 min or until a toothpick inserted comes out clean.
  3. Cook on a rack before unmolding.

Matcha Cake with Mochi


Have any of you ever had some snacks and then left them aside and ended up forgetting about them? That's unfortunately what happened to most of a pack of small filled mochi. These were red bean, taro, and black sesame mochi. By the time we remembered them, they were dried out and pretty unpleasant to eat.

In an attempt to save them, I tried lightly microwaving one to see what would happen. The result was edible, and had somewhat caramelized and become crunchy at the edges. Not exactly what I preferred as a mochi. The next solution I could think of was to bake them into a cake.



In order to find a flavor that would match all of the filling flavors, I opted for a matcha cake. Unfortunately, for me, the matcha flavor was not nearly as strong as I had hoped. The good side, however, was that the mochi were revived, which made it really pleasant.


Out of the mochis that remained, there were 5 taro ones, 4 black sesame ones, and one red bean mochi. Therefore, I put all five taro mochis on one side of the cake, and the rest of them on the other side, with the red bean mochi in the middle. In order to differentiate, I sprinkled the top of the black sesame/red bean side with black sesame seeds.

The recipe was adapted from Guai Shu Shu. If you want to add mochi, pour about 1/3 of the batter into the pan, then put the mochi in, before pouring the rest of the batter.


RECIPE
  Ingredients
  • 200 g self-rising flour
  • 90 g sugar
  • 75 g cooking oil
  • 175 g water
  • 2 tbs matcha
  • 2 tbs vinegar
  • 1/4 tsp baking soda
  • Sesame seeds (optional)
  Procedure
  1. Preheat oven 170˚C.
  2. Grease and flour a loaf pan, or line it with baking paper. Alternatively, line a muffin pan with cupcake liners.
  3. In a bowl, mix flour, sugar, baking soda, and matcha.
  4. In another bowl, mix water, oil, and vinegar.
  5. Add wet ingredients to the dry ingredients. Mix until just combined.
  6. Pour into prepared pan. Sprinkle with sesame seeds if desired.
  7. Bake for 25-30 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean.
  8. Cool on a grill, then enjoy.

Vegan Banana Waffles


I have been so busy of late with academics that I barely had any time to bake. These waffles date from a February weekend brunch with my cousin L, when I had ripe bananas to deal with (yet again).

First up was the batter. I adapted a recipe from Minimalist Baker, which resulted in my first time using ground flax seeds as an egg replacer. I had conveniently just gotten a jar of flax seeds from a friend, so I measured out 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and ground them with a mortar and pestle. Mixed it with some water and set it aside to do its thing. After adding the rest of the ingredients, I got a thick yet runny batter.


After heating the waffle iron, I poured the batter in and let it cook. I had some mishaps with a couple of almost burnt waffles, but otherwise, they were pretty good! The only adjustment I made from the recipe, if my memory works properly, was that I did not add any chocolate chips.



RECIPE (adapted from Minimalist Baker)
  Ingredients 
  • 1 cup flour
  • 1/4 cup oats
  • 1/4 tsp salt
  • 1 cup milk (I used soymilk)
  • 1 flax egg
    • 1 tbs ground flax seeds
    • 2 1/2 tbs water
  • 2 ripe bananas
  • 2 1/2 tsp baking powder
  Procedure
  1. Prepare the flax egg by combining the ground flax seeds and water in a bowl, stirring, and setting aside.
  2. In a mixing bowl, mash the bananas with the baking powder using a fork.
  3. Add milk, flax egg, and mix.
  4. Mix in salt and oats.
  5. Add flour until just combined.
  6. Let batter rest while preheating the waffle iron.
  7. Spray the iron with cooking spray or brush with oil.
  8. Pour in batter and cook according to waffle iron instructions.
  9. Remove and enjoy~